VTU Civil Engineering (Semester 5)
Hydrology & Irrigation Engineering
June 2014
Total marks: --
Total time: --
INSTRUCTIONS
(1) Assume appropriate data and state your reasons
(2) Marks are given to the right of every question
(3) Draw neat diagrams wherever necessary


1 (a) Define Hydrology. List the practical applications of hydrology.
6 M
1 (b) With the neat sketch, explain the construction and working of Float type rain gauge. (Siphon type).
6 M
1 (c) The analysis of a storm yielded the following information regarding isohyets. Calculate the average depth of rainfall.
Isohyet interval in mm 70-80 80-90 90-100  100-110   110-120   120-130 
Area in km2 10 85 113 98 136 67
8 M

2 (a) Define the term infiltration capacity of a soil. Explain briefly the factors affecting the infiltration capacity of a soil.
6 M
2 (b) List the factors affecting evaporation. Explain with a neat sketch, the measurement of evaporation using class A pan.
6 M
2 (c) A 6 hour storm produced rainfall intensities of 7, 18, 25, 12, 10 and 3mm/hr in successive one hour intervals over a basin of 800km2. The resulting off is observed as 2640 hect-meter. Determine the ϕ - index of the basin.
8 M

3 (a) Define unit hydrograph. What are the assumption underlying the unit hydrograph theory and what are the limitations of unit hydrograph theory.
8 M
3 (b) The ordinates of the 3 hour unit hydrograph are given below:
Find the ordinates of a 6 hour unit hydrograph for the same analytically. Also sketch this unit hydrograph. What is the peak value of discharge in this unit hydrograph?
Time in hour 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
Ordinates m3/sec 0 10 25 20 16 12 9 7 5 3 0
12 M

4 (a) Explain the following terms:
i) Design floor ii) Maximum probable flood iii) Standard project flood.
6 M
4 (b) What are the different types of flood control reservoirs?
6 M
4 (c) Write a short note on channel improvement as flood control measure.
8 M

5 (a) Define Irrigation. List the advantages and disadvantages of irrigation.
8 M
5 (b) What are the environmental impacts of irrigation?
6 M
5 (c) Write a short note on sewage irrigation.
6 M

6 (a) Describe briefly the various soil groups of India.
6 M
6 (b) Explain the following terms:
i) Saturation capacity
ii) Field capacity
iii) Moisture equivalent
iv) Wilting point
v) Available moisture.
10 M
6 (c) Distinguish between crop period and base period.
4 M

7 (a) Write a brief note on crop seasons and crops of India.
6 M
7 (b) What are the factors affecting duty of water? How can duty be improved?
7 M
7 (c) What is consumptive use of water? List the various factors affecting consumptive use of water.
7 M

8 (a) How irrigation canals are classified?
8 M
8 (b) Describe briefly the various considerations made in the alignment of an irrigation canal.
8 M
8 (c) Distinguish between productivity canal and a protective canal.
4 M



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