VTU Civil Engineering (Semester 6)
Transportation Engg 2
December 2014
Total marks: --
Total time: --
INSTRUCTIONS
(1) Assume appropriate data and state your reasons
(2) Marks are given to the right of every question
(3) Draw neat diagrams wherever necessary


1 (a) Draw a cross section of permanent way in embankment and discuss in brief the basic functions of various components of a railway track.
10 M
1 (b) Bring out the advantages of coming of wheels with a figure.
5 M
1 (c) Briefly discuss on double headed (DH), bull headed (BH) and flat footed (FF) rails. How are rails designated?
5 M

2 (a) Briefly discuss on the following fasteners:
i) Dog spike
ii) Pandrol clip for concrete sleepers.
5 M
2 (b) With figure bring out the requirements of fish plate and bearing plate for railway track.
8 M
2 (c) Calculate the maximum permissible train load that can be pulled by a locomotive having four pairs of driving wheels carrying an axle load of 22 tonnes each. The train has to run at a speed of 90 kmph on straight level track (BG). Also calculate the speed reduction if the train has to climb an 1 in 175 gradient.
7 M

3 (a) Briefly discuss on the following:
i) Grade compensation on curves.
ii) Negative cant.
6 M
3 (b) Determine the length of transition curve if the design speed of train on curve is 95 kmph on a BG. Track.
6 M
3 (c) A 5° curve diverges from a 3° main curve in reverse direction in the layout of B.G. yard. If the speed on the branch line is restricted to 40 kmph then determine the restricted speed on the main line.
8 M

4 (a) Discuss on the following components of a turnout with a sketch:
i) Theoretical and actual nose centre.
ii) Switch angle and crossing angle.
6 M
4 (b) Calculate all the necessary elements required to set out a 1 in 12 turnout taking off from a straight B.G. track with its curve tangential to the gauge face of the outer main rail a head of the toe of the tongue rail and passing through TNC? Given heel divergence (d)- 11.4 cms, TNC=theoretical nose centre.
8 M
4 (c) Briefly discuss on: i) Cross over, ii) Diamond crossing and iii) Signals.
6 M

5 (a) Mention the different characteristics of aircraft and how they affect the planning and design of airports.
6 M
5 (b) Explain the procedure of orienting the runway.
6 M
5 (c) What is meant by basic runway length? How is it determined on the basic of the performance characteristics of the aircraft using the airport?
8 M

6 (a) The runway length required for landing at sea level is 3000m in standard atmospheric condition and the length of runway for takeoff at sea level in standard atmospheric condition is 2500m. The reference temperature at the airport is 25°C. The atmosphere temperature at elevation of airport at 200m is 15°C. The effective runway gradient is 0.5%. Determine the runway length to be provided.
8 M
6 (b) Explain briefly the various factors which affects the layout of taxiway.
6 M
6 (c) What is the necessity of visual aids for airports? Write briefly note on Runway lighting, Taxiway lighting and Apron and Hangar lighting.
6 M

7 (a) During setting out of tunnel briefly bring out how do you set out tunnels centre line on the ground surface and transfer centre line from surface to underground.
10 M
7 (b) Discuss on Needle beam method of tunnelling in soils.
5 M
7 (c) Briefly write a note on ventilation of tunnels.
5 M

8 (a) Give a sketch showing the layout of the harbour showing break water, entrance channel, turning basin, piers and wharfs.
6 M
8 (b) Briefly discuss on relevance of wind, tides and littoral currents on the design of harbours.
6 M
8 (c) Discuss on the following:
i) Jetties and Quays
ii) Mooring Buoys
iii) Transit sheds and ware houses
iv) Break water types
8 M



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