MU Information Technology (Semester 7)
Image Processing
December 2013
Total marks: --
Total time: --
INSTRUCTIONS
(1) Assume appropriate data and state your reasons
(2) Marks are given to the right of every question
(3) Draw neat diagrams wherever necessary


Attempt the following
1 (a) Explain the fundamental of Digital Image Processing.
5 M
1 (b) What are different point processing techniques used for image enhancement?
5 M
1 (c) What is segmentation? Explain why it is required?
5 M
1 (d) What is Image compression?
5 M

2 (a) Classify the signal as energy or power signal :-
\[x(n)=\left\{\begin{array}{l}{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}^n\ \ \&n\geq{}0 \\{\left(2\right)}^n\ \ \&n<0\end{array}\right.\]
5 M
2 (b) State whether system is linear/ Non-linear, Time-Variant/ Time-Invariant, Casual/Anticausal, Stable/Unstable :-
y(n)=nx(n).
5 M
2 (c) Let x(n)={1,2,3,4}
(i) Find x[k]
(ii) Find DFT of xe(n) and xo(n) using x[k].
10 M

3 (a) Let x(n)={1,2,3,4,5,6,7} and h(n)={1,0,2} :-
  • Find convolution using overlap add method
  • Find convolution using overlap save method
  • 10 M
    3 (b) Given :-
    \[F=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}1 & 1 & 2 & 1 \\2 & 1 & 1 & 2 \\1 & 3 & 2 & 1 \\2 & 1 & 2 & 1\end{array}\right]\]
    Find 2D Hadamard transform?
    10 M

    4 (a) Given :-
    \[f\left[x,y\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}4 & 5 & 6 \\7 & 8 & 9\end{array}\right]\]
    \[f\left[x,y\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc}1 & 1 \\1 & 1\end{array}\right]\]
    Find linear convolution?
    10 M
    4 (b) Grey Level Histogram of an image is given below, compute Histogram Equalization. Draw the Histogram of input and output image:-
    Grey Levels 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
    No. of Pixels 790 1023 850 656 329 245 122 81
    10 M

    5 (a) Explain basic principle of detecting following in the images :-
    (i) Points
    (ii) Lines
    (iii) Edges.
    10 M
    5 (b) Given below is table of eight symbol and their frequency of occurrence :-
    Symbol S0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7
    Frequency 0.25 0.15 0.06 0.08 0.21 0.14 0.07 0.04

    Give Huffman code for each eight symbol. What is coding efficiency?
    10 M

    6 (a) Explain in detail Lossy image compression.
    10 M
    6 (b) Explain following terms :-
    (i) Dialation
    (ii) Erosion.
    10 M

    Write short notes on any four :-
    7 (a) Image Acquisition
    5 M
    7 (b) Filters in frequency domain.
    5 M
    7 (c) Image segmentation
    5 M
    7 (d) Walsh transform
    5 M
    7 (e) Digital watermaking.
    5 M



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