Total marks: --
Total time: --
INSTRUCTIONS
(1) Assume appropriate data and state your reasons
(2) Marks are given to the right of every question
(3) Draw neat diagrams wherever necessary


1 (a) Is Huffman code optimal prove with example
5 M
1 (b) Compare contrast stretching and histogram equalization.
5 M
1 (c) Why is zig-zag scanning preferred in JPEG standard.
5 M
1 (d) Explain modelling the degradation function in image restoration
5 M

2 (a) Explain various steps in image processing with diagram
5 M
2 (b) Explain 4-connectivity, 8 connectivity and mixed connectivity.
5 M
2 (c) For following image find:
i) Digital negative of an image
Contrast strutching r2=5, r1=3,s2=6,s1=2
iii) Bit plane slicing
f(x,y)=
4 3 2 1
3 1 2 4
5 1 6 2
2 3 5 6
10 M

3 (a) Apply slant transform and DCT transform on the given image and compare the result.
f(x,y)=
2 2 2 1
2 4 4 2
2 4 4 2
2 2 2 2
10 M
3 (b) Consider following image
f(x,y)=
4 4 4 4 4
3 4 5 4 3
3 5 5 5 3
3 4 5 4 3
4 4 4 4 4

write procedure for histogram equalization.
10 M

4 (a) Explain in detail JPEG-encoder and decoder
8 M
4 (b) Filter following image using 3×3 neighbourhood averaging by assuming
i) zero padding
ii) pixel replication
f(x,y)=
1 2 3 2
4 2 5 4
1 2 6 3
2 4 6 7
12 M

5 (a) Find Hadamard transform of following image
f(x,y)=
1 1 1 1
1 1 0 1
-1 1 -1 1
1 0 1 1
10 M
5 (b) Name different types of image segmentation technique. Explain splitting and merging technique with the help of an example.
10 M

6 (a) Explain image enhancement in frequency domain
10 M
6 (b) Using Hough's transform, find the line passing through the maximum number of points given below.
(3,4),(0,-4),(1,4),(6,12),(4,1)
(1.5,0),(-2,2),(-1,-3),(3,-2)
10 M

7 Write short notes on :
(a) Haar Transform (b) Wiener Filtering
(c) Hotelling Transform.
20 M



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