STUPIDSID
1 (a)
Explain Lossy and lossless compression Techniques with examples.
4 M
1 (b)
For the sequence 12323454567898910 find the entropy. Using the difference of neighboring sequence, find the entropy and give your comment.
8 M
1 (c)
A source emits letters from an alphabet A={a1, a2, a3, a4, a5} with p(a1)=p(a3)=0.2, p(a2)=0.4, p(a4)=p(a5)=0.1.
i) Calculate entropy of the source.
ii) Find a Huffman code for this source.
iii) Find average length of Huffman code and hence its redundancy.
i) Calculate entropy of the source.
ii) Find a Huffman code for this source.
iii) Find average length of Huffman code and hence its redundancy.
8 M
2 (a)
Encode the following sequence using LZW algorithm.
xyzzyb xyzzy b xyzzy b xyzzy b xll b xll b xll.
The alphabet for the source is (b, l, x, y, z). The LZW dictionary initially looks as follows:
xyzzy
The alphabet for the source is (
| Index | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Entry |
|
y | z | l | x |
10 M
2 (b)
Write an algorithm used by CALIC to form the initial prediction and explain this algorithm.
6 M
2 (c)
Briefly explain different groups in Facsimile encoding.
4 M
3 (a)
What is distortion? Discuss different ways to measure distortion.
6 M
3 (b)
Show that SNR of uniform quantizer of a uniformly distributed source is 6.02 ndB.
6 M
3 (c)
Write down the operation of jayant Quantizer suppose the multiplier values are M0=M4=0.8, M1=M5=0.9, M2=M6=0.1, M3=M7=1.2. Initial value of the step size Δ0=0.5, and the sequence to be quantized is 0.1, -0.2, 0.2, 0.1, -0.3, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.9, 1.5.
8 M
4 (a)
What is vector quantization? Explain the vector quantization, with a block diagram.
10 M
4 (b)
Explain the splitting technique for initializing the LBG algorithm. Training set vectors are given in Table Q4b(i) and initial set of output points in Table Q4b(ii).
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| Table 4b(i) |
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| Table 4b(ii) |
10 M
5 (a)
Describe the properties of a linear system. Also explain, time invariance and transfer function of the linear system.
6 M
5 (b)
Find the inverse z-transform of the function \( F(z)=\dfrac{2z^4+1}{2z^3-5z^2+4z-1} . \)
6 M
5 (c)
Explain the orthonormal transform and that orthonormal transforms are energy preserving.
8 M
6 (a)
By considering the example of encoding the sequence of values {xn} given below, explain in detail how subband coding works.
10 14 10 12 14 8 14 12 10 8 10 12
10 14 10 12 14 8 14 12 10 8 10 12
8 M
6 (b)
What is filter? Discuss FIR and IIR filters.
4 M
6 (c)
Discuss coding algorithm with a suitable diagram. Also explain the frame structure of layer-II coding.
8 M
7 (a)
For seven-level decomposition shown below in Table Q7(a) obtain the bitstream generated by the EZW coder (ii) Decode the bitstream generated in the previous step. Verify that you the original co-efficient values.
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| Table 7(a) |
12 M
7 (b)
Explain multiresolution analysis and scaling function with an example.
8 M
8 (a)
With a neat block diagram, Explain ITU-T recommendation H.261.
10 M
8 (b)
Explain with diagram MPEG-1 video standard.
6 M
8 (c)
Using H.262, derive an error factors for the set of co-efficient. 29.75 6.1 -6.03 1.93 -2.01 1.23 -0.95 2.11.
4 M
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